tabel 1,2,5 * rarely anaerobes; Candida rarely (only LTx) * early use of CT * aspergillus: yield of bronchoscopy 50%, galactomannan ELISA sens 80-90% spec 95% * CMV on chest X lobar consolidation, focal parenchymal haziness or bilateral reticularnodular infiltrates. CT: GGO, bronchial wall thickening, reticular opacities, nodules. BAL and TBB have high yield