"his is a landmark paper showing that neuroligins are essential for synapse function in vivo. Although individual neuroligin knockout mice are viable, Nlgn1;Nlgn2;Nlgn3 triple knockout mice die at birth owing to respiratory failure. Their synapses seem to be morphologically normal, but transmission was dramatically reduced at GABAergic/glycinergic synapses, and also reduced at glutamatergic synapses, in the brainstem. This was accompanied by reduced clustering of GABAA receptors, reduced levels of synaptic vesicle proteins and a slight reduction in the ratio of VGAT puncta to VGlut puncta, but clustering of the scaffolding proteins PSD-95 and gephyrin was normal."

4/203 (only in about 2% of cases) vs. 0/535, P=0.0056