Bram Govaerts, Monica Mezzalama, Ken D. Sayre, Jose Crossa, Kelly Lichter, Veronique Troch, Katrien Vanherck, Pieter De Corte and Jozef Deckers

Zoo and aquarium breeding programs rely on accurate pedigrees to manage the genetics and demographics of captive populations. Breeding recommendations are often encumbered, however, by unknown parentage. If an individual has any amount of unknown ancestry, the relationships between that individual and all other individuals in a population are ambiguous, and breeding recommendations cannot be tailored to maximize genetic diversity and minimize inbreeding. In those situations, breeding program management might be improved by the incorporation of molecular data. We developed microsatellite markers for the parma wallaby (Macropus parma) and investigated how genetic data might be used to improve the management of the captive population. The parma wallaby is a small marsupial found in fragmented forests near the coast of New South Wales, Australia. Because the species is of conservation concern, the captive population in North America is managed by recurring breeding recommendations. The effectiveness of the population's management is hampered, however, because over half of the individuals have some amount of unknown ancestry. We used microsatellite data to resolve unknown parentage, described how molecular estimates of relatedness might inform future breeding recommendations, and used computer simulations to investigate how molecular estimates of relatedness among founders might contribute to the genetic management of the population. Our results indicated that microsatellite appraisals of parentage were useful with respect to clarifying pedigrees but that molecular assessments of founder relatedness provided very marginal benefits with regard to the preservation of genetic diversity and the avoidance of inbreeding.

The term "soil nutrient potential" is determined by several factors including soil water, oxygen, and content of plant available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. This nutrient potential controls crop performance which is a function of many other factors such as relative air humidity and CO2, radiation, soil and air temperature etc.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may be considered the ultimate genetic marker as they represent the finest resolution of a DNA sequence (a single nucleotide), are generally abundant in populations and have a low mutation rate. Analysis of assembled EST sequence data provides a cost-effective means to identify large numbers of SNPs associated with functional genes. We have developed an integrated SNP discovery pipeline, which identifies SNPs from assembled EST sequences. The results are maintained in a custom relational database along with EST source and annotation information. The current database hosts data for the important crops rice, barley and Brassica. Users may rapidly identify polymorphic sequences of interest through BLAST sequence comparison, keyword searches of annotations derived from UniRef90 and GenBank comparisons, GO annotations or in genes corresponding to syntenic regions of reference genomes. In addition, SNPs between specific varieties may be identified for targeted mapping and association studies. SNPs are viewed using a user-friendly graphical interface. The database is freely accessible at http://autosnpdb.qfab.org.au/.

We are the only organization offering a complete service for farmers and investors wishing to invest in farming and agri-business in Ukraine.

With thousand of UFOs reported every year, many documented on video tape, and even radar, there is no doubt that something is going on. We’re a community dedicated to finding the truth, exposing the lies and cover ups, and sharing our experiences for the benefit of the world.

In this intensifying buzz of information and vibration, it is becoming an increasingly difficult struggle to discern the truth and determine what (if anything) is needed to prepare yourself and the ones you love for 2012 and beyond.

NEW DELHI: This is a new gene-grab story. After basmati and neem, Indian wheat has attracted foreign companies on the prowl for money-spinning genes and American seeds giant, Monsanto, has patented wheat invented by crossing a traditional Indian variety with another wheat line. The wheat variety in question is Nap Hal, a primitive Indian land race. Monsanto says dough from its new wheat will be ideal for making bakery products like biscuits, crackers, wafers and crisps. But gene-scientists and farmers here say this is a clear case of theft with the potential to stymie further breeding of high-quality varieties utilising this heritage wheat seed. Monsanto Technology was granted the patent last month by the European Patent Office based in Munich. The patent has been given both for the biscuits, flour, and dough produced from the wheat, as well as the plant itself. By owning this kind of patent, Monsanto could, in the future, potentially take legal action not only against farmers and scientists trying to breed wheat varieties with similar genetic traits, but also bakeries, confectioners and supermarkets if they produce or sell biscuits and other foods made from patented wheat.