The high level of turnover intentions by accountant staffs had raised the potential cost for public accountant firms. The prior research done by Suwandi and Indriantoro (1999) had succesfully identified the process of turnover intentions, which related to the antecedents and consequences of job insecurity. The responses of 30 accountant staffs from some public accountant firms to a questionnaire designed to measure variables were analyzed using a Pearson?s correlation coefficient. The result of this study was not generally consistent with Suwandi and Indriantoro (1999) because some hypotheses were rejected. This study identified that public accountant firm must be noticed organizational factors, such as organizational commitment, role conflict, role ambiguity, and organizational change.

Perceptual ambiguity is a state of thinking that disturbs the either-or mode of knowledge. It causes one to face with the condition of two possible correct knowledges. This state of thinking, however, might be advantageous and contributive positively. Robert Venturi?s dictum both-and is just one example of taking the advantageous of this perceptual ambiguity. Taking one Jawanese corpus titled Serat Balewarna, this study tries to present the practice of either-or mode of knowledge in Jawa around the 1920-s. A critical examination upon its content shows that the rational-universal knowledge had only becomes one lethal weapon against the Jawanese architectural knowledge. Toward thee end of the examination, this paper proposes to locate the jawanese architecture in a state of perceptual ambiguity. This re-location will open the way to allow the Jawanese architectural knowledge enter the world of discourse of knowledge in architecture.

In this paper, we present System of Systems Engineering (SOSE) as a developingmultidiscipline, spanning across and drawing from a variety of disciplines to address complex situations; situations are characterised by ambiguity, high uncertainty and emergence. This paper is organised to: (1) provide an assessment of the current state of SOSE field development, (2) suggest the nature of complex issues for which traditional approaches are falling short to include the corresponding challenges facing SOSE development, (3) describe two perspectives of the SOSE response to complex situations and (4) establish an emerging paradigm for SOSE as a multidiscipline based on current research. This paper concludes with the implications for further development of research and practice for SOSE.